Proximal sensing refers to the collection of data using sensors or devices that are in close proximity to the object of interest, typically within a few meters. This data collection method allows for high-resolution and real-time monitoring of various properties, such as temperature, moisture, and chemical composition, of the target object or area. Proximal sensing is widely used in agriculture, environmental monitoring, and geology, among other fields, to gather detailed and accurate information for analysis and decision-making.